Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium Pmel17 / gp100 / SILV(PMEL/783), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize melanoma-associated antigens, which belong to three main groups. These groups include tumor-associated testis-specific antigens, melanocyte differentiation antigens and mutated or aberrantly expressed antigens, which are routinely used as markers to identify melanomas based on their binding to specific monoclonal antibodies. PMEL 17, also designated gp100, ME20-M, or ME20-S, is classified as a melanocyte differentiation antigen. It is expressed at low levels in normal cell lines and tissues, but is upregulated in melanocytes. It is a highly glycosylated, secreted protein that is the product of proteolytic cleavage.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescen
Biotium Myofibroblast Marker(PR 2D3), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Myofibroblasts are a unique group of smooth muscle-like fibroblasts that play an important role in oncogenesis, inflammation, repair, wound contraction and fibrosis. Like smooth muscle (SM) cells, myofibroblasts contain microfilament bundles and express -SM Actin, the Actin isoform that is present in myoepithelial cells and SM cells and especially abundant in vascular SM cells. Myofibroblasts secrete inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and lipid and gaseous inflammatory mediators, as well as extracellular matrix proteins and proteases in most organs and tissues. Besides being temporarily present following tissue injuries and fibrocontractive diseases, myofibroblasts are also present under normal conditions in regions such as the skin, pulmonary septa and periodontal ligaments. Stem cell factor and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) are two secreted proteins responsible for differentiating myofibroblasts from embryological stem cells. PR
Biotium Rb1 (Tumor Suppressor Protein) (RB1/1754), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a 105 kDa phosphoprotein, identified as retinoblastoma (Rb) gene product. It shows no cross reaction with p107 or p130. It reacts with the hyper-phosphorylated as well as the un (under) phosphorylated form of the Rb protein. Retinoblastoma gene product plays a key role in cell cycle control. It has been identified as a tumor suppressor gene whose loss of its function leads to tumor development. It is widely expressed in a variety of human tissues including breast, esophageal, squamous cell and cervical carcinoma.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Desmin (Muscle Cell Marker) (DES/1711), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Cytoskeletal intermediate filaments (IFs) constitute a diverse group of proteins that are expressed in a highly tissue-specific manner. IFs are constructed from two-chain alpha-helicalcoiled-coil molecules arranged on an imperfect helical lattice, and have been widely used as markers for distinguishing individual cell types within a tissue and identifying the origins of metastatic tumors. Vimentin is an IF general marker of cells originating in the mesenchyme. Vimentin and Desmin, a related class III IF, are both expressed during skeletal muscle development. Desmin, a 469 amino acid protein found near the Z line in sarcomeres, is expressed more frequently in adult differentiated state tissues. Anti-desmin detects cells of normal smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscles. The antibody reacts with leiomyomas, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyomas, rhabdomyosarcoma, and perivascular cells of glomus tumors of the skin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluor
Biotium AMACR / p504S (Prostate Cancer Marker)(rAMACR/1864), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 42 kDa, which is identified as Alpha-methylacyl-CoA Racemase (AMACR), also known as p504S. It is an enzyme that is involved in bile acid biosynthesis and -oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids. AMACR is essential in lipid metabolism. It is expressed in cells of premalignant high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and prostate adenocarcinoma. The majority of the carcinoma cells show a distinct granular cytoplasmic staining reaction. AMACR is present at low or undetectable levels in glandular epithelial cells of normal prostate and benign prostatic hyperplasia. A spotty granular cytoplasmic staining is seen in a few cells of the benign glands. AMACR is expressed in normal liver (hepatocytes), kidney (tubular epithelial cells) and gall bladder (epithelial cells). Expression has also been found in lung (bronchial epithelial cells) and colon (colonic surface epithelium). AMACR expression can also be found in hepatocellular car
Biotium PAX8 (Renal Cell Marker)(rPAX8/1492), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 62 kDa, identified as PAX8. It is a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. This nuclear protein is involved in thyroid follicular cell development and expression of thyroid-specific genes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with thyroid dysgenesis, thyroid follicular carcinomas, and atypical thyroid adenomas. PAX-8 is expressed in the thyroid (and associated carcinomas), non-ciliated mucosal cells of the fallopian tubes, and simple ovarian inclusion cysts, but not normal ovarian surface epithelial cells. PAX-8 is expressed in a high percentage of ovarian serous, endometrioid, and clear cell carcinomas, but only rarely in primary ovarian mucinous adenocarcinomas. PAX-8 expression is reported in renal tubules as well as renal cell carcinoma, nephroblastoma, and seminoma. PAX-8 antibody may be used as an additional immunohistochemical marker for renal epithelial tumors. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a
Biotium MTAP (Tumor Suppressor Marker)(MTAP/3137R), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 31 kDa, which is identified as MTAP (5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase). It catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of methylthioadenosine, which is important in polyamine metabolism and for the salvage of adenine and methionine. The gene encoding MTAP is linked to the tumor suppressor gene, p16INK4A. Deficient levels of MTAP can occur in cancers primarily through co-deletion of the MTAP gene and the p16INK4A gene. Cells expressing MTAP and possessing adenine salvage pathway activity may be less susceptible to malignancy due to growth-inhibitory actions of agents (e. g. antifolates), whose mechanism of action, in part, involves this de novo purine pathway. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, b
Biotium Blood Group Antigen A (CD173)(3-3A), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody is applicable for staining ABO blood groups A and AB. The histo-blood group ABO involves three carbohydrate antigens: A, B, and H. Blood group antigens are generally defined as molecules formed by sequential addition of saccharides to the carbohydrate side chains of lipids and proteins detected on erythrocytes and certain epithelial cells. Blood group related antigens represent a group of carbohydrate determinants carried on both glycolipids and glycoproteins. They are usually mucin-type, and are detected on erythrocytes, certain epithelial cells, and in secretions of certain individuals. Sixteen genetically and biosynthetically distinct but inter-related specificities belong to this group of antigens, including A, B, H, Lewis A, Lewis B, Lewis X, Lewis Y, and precursor type 1 chain antigens. This antibody preferentially reacts with determinants of chain A and H type 3 (Gal1-3GalNAc-R) and 4 (Gal1-3GalNAc-R), but not with type 1 and 2 chain structures. It is no
Biotium Myogenin(MGN185 + F5D), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Myogenin is a member of the MyoD family of myogenic basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors that also includes MyoD, Myf-5, and MRF4 (also known as herculinor Myf-6). MyoD family members are expressed exclusively in skeletal muscle and play a key role in activating myogenesis by binding to enhancer sequences of muscle-specific genes. The regulatory domain of MyoD is approximately 70 amino acids in length and includes both a basic DNA binding motif and a bHLH dimerization motif. MyoD family members share about 80% amino acid homology in their bHLH motifs. Anti-myogenin labels the nuclei of myoblasts in developing muscle tissue, and is expressed in tumor cell nuclei of rhabdomyosarcoma and some leiomyosarcomas. Positive nuclear staining may occur in Wilms tumor.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes
Biotium Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)(A67-B/E3 + 1A7), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a single protein of 33-34 kDa, identified as the prostate specific antigen (PSA). This MAb is highly specific to PSA and stains prostatic secretory and ductal epithelium in both normal and neoplastic tissues. PSA is a chymotrypsin-like serine protease (kallikrein family) exclusively produced by the prostate epithelium, and abundant in seminal fluid. PSA can be detected in the sera of patients with prostatic carcinoma. It is predominantly complexed to a liver-derived serine protease inhibitor, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT). A higher proportion of serum PSA is complexed to ACT in prostate cancer than in benign prostate hyperplasia.
Biotium MUC5AC (Mucin 5AC / Gastric Mucin)(9-13M1), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb recognizes the peptide core of gastric mucin M1 (recently identified as Mucin 5AC). Its epitope is located in the N-terminal cysteine rich part of the peptide core of MUC5AC, which is heavily glycosylated. Its epitope is destroyed by beta-mercaptoethanol but not by periodate treatment. MAb 2-11M1 reacts with the protein backbone exclusively; it only reacts with fully deglycosylated MUC5AC. Therefore, the material under test should also be fully deglycosylated. This can be achieved with standard periodate oxidation method. The success of the deglycosylation can be checked with routine PAS (Periodic Acid Shiff) staining. After deglycosylation, the preparation should no longer be stainable with PAS reagent. Only then 2-11M1 will react should MUC5AC be present. This mucin is present in primary ovarian mucinous cancer but usually absent in colorectal adenocarcinoma, thus showing an expression pattern opposite to MUC2. Together with a panel of antibodies, Anti-MUC5AC may b
Biotium Galectin-13 (GAL13) / Placental Protein 13 (PP13) (PP13/1161), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a 32 kDa protein, which is identified as homodimer of galectin-13 (also known as PP13). Galectins are a family of soluble beta-galactoside-binding lectins that modulate cell-to-cell adhesion and cell-to-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions and play a role in tumor progression, pre-mRNA splicing and apoptosis. One such member, galectin-13, is a 139 amino acid protein that contains one galectin domain. Possessing lysophospholipase activity, galectin-13 exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer. Galectin-13 is suggested to have a developmental role in the placenta and may display immunobiological activity in feto-maternal blood-spaces. Screening for galectin-13 in maternal serum during the first trimester of pregnancy may serve as a diagnostic marker to predict preterm pre-eclampsia.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Co
Biotium Galectin-13 (GAL13) / Placental Protein 13 (PP13) (PP13/1161), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a 32 kDa protein, which is identified as homodimer of galectin-13 (also known as PP13). Galectins are a family of soluble beta-galactoside-binding lectins that modulate cell-to-cell adhesion and cell-to-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions and play a role in tumor progression, pre-mRNA splicing and apoptosis. One such member, galectin-13, is a 139 amino acid protein that contains one galectin domain. Possessing lysophospholipase activity, galectin-13 exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer. Galectin-13 is suggested to have a developmental role in the placenta and may display immunobiological activity in feto-maternal blood-spaces. Screening for galectin-13 in maternal serum during the first trimester of pregnancy may serve as a diagnostic marker to predict preterm pre-eclampsia.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Co
Biotium c-Myc Oncoprotein(MYC2895R), 0.2mg/mL
The epitope of this antibody spans the Myc tag epitope, aa 410-419 (EQKLISEEDL), which is a specific portion of an alpha helical region of human c-myc protein. Because the epitope is located at the dimerization site of the protein, the antibody is not sensitive for detecting endogenous c-myc, making it suitable for detecting Myc tagged proteins or myc overexpression. This MAb shows no cross-reaction with v-myc. c-myc is involved in the control of cell proliferation and differentiation and is amplified and/or overexpressed in a variety of tumors. Over-expression of c-myc protein occurs frequently in luminal cells of prostate intraepithelial neoplasia as well as in most primary carcinomas and metastatic disease.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting lo
Biotium FSH beta(FSHb/1062), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb reacts with a protein of 22 kDa, identified as beta sub-unit of FSH. It does not cross react with the alpha sub-unit. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is a hormone synthesized and secreted by gonadotrophs in the anterior pituitary gland. In the ovary, FSH stimulates the growth of immature Graafian follicles to maturation. As the follicle grows, it releases inhibin, which deactivates the FSH production. In men, FSH enhances the production of androgen-binding protein by the Sertoli cells of the testis and is critical for spermatogenesis. FSH and LH act synergistically in reproduction. FSH is a useful marker in the classification of pituitary tumors and the study of pituitary disease.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, b